YEAR 1 OF 2 WITH TREATMENTS APPLIED TO THE SAME PLOTS BOTH YEARS. THREE APPLICATIONS OF EACH TREATMENT, ALONG BOTH SIDES OF PALMS AND ACROSS LOWER PORTIONS OF FRONDS.  APPLICATIONS MADE APPROXIMATELY 90 DAYS APART, BEGINNING IN MID-FEBRUARY.   CHATEAU EZ:  APPLIED AT 12 OR 24 FL OZ/A (0.375 OR 0.75 LB AI/A). SLIGHT INJURY OBSERVED 90 DAYS AFTER FIRST APPLICATION (DAA-1) FROM THE HIGH RATE, BUT OTHERWISE NO INJURY OBSERVED. SIGNIFICANT REDUCTION OF WEED COVERAGE FROM BOTH RATES 90 DAA-1.  NUMERIC BUT NOT SIGNIFICANT REDUCTIONS FROM BOTH RATES 90 DAA-2 AND 90 DAA-3.   ALONG WITH GOOD CROP SAFETY, HIGH RATE WAS ONE OF BETTER WEED CONTROL TREATMENTS.   PROWL H2O:  APPLIED AT 4 OR 8 QT/A (3.8 OR 7.6 LB AI/A). ASIDE FROM SLIGHT CROP INJURY AT 90 DAA-2 AND 90 DAA-3, BOTH RATES WERE SAFE TO THE CROP.  PERCENT GROUND COVER FROM WEEDS WAS VARIABLE FROM PENDIMETHALIN TREATMENTS AND GENERALLY NOT DIFFERENT FROM THE UNTREATED.  MATRIX SG:  APPLIED AT 4 OR 8 OZ/A (0.063 OR 0.125 LB AI/A). SOME INJURY OBSERVED FROM BOTH RATES THROUGHOUT THE TRIAL, INCREASING TO CONCERNING LEVELS FROM THE HIGH RATE FOLLOWING THE THIRD APPLICATION. PERCENT GROUND COVER FROM WEEDS 90 DAYS AFTER EACH APPLICATION WAS NOT DIFFERENT FROM THE UNTREATED.  PINDAR GT:  APPLIED AT 3 OR 6 PT/A. NO INJURY OBSERVED FROM THE LOW RATE BUT MINOR TO MODERATE INJURY SEEN WITH THE HIGH RATE AFTER FIRST TWO APPLICATIONS.  THE HIGH RATE SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCED PERCENT WEED CONVERAGE AFTER THE FIRST TWO APPLICATIONS AND PROVIDED THE LARGEST REDUCTION ON WEED COVERAGE 90 DAA-3.   ALION: APPLIED AT 3.5 OR 7 FL OZ/A (0.045 OR 0.09 LB AI/A).  THIRD APPLICATION NOT MADE AFTER DEATH OF PALMS OBSERVED AFTER FIRST TWO APPLICATIONS.

YEAR 1 OF 2 WITH TREATMENTS APPLIED TO THE SAME PLOTS BOTH YEARS. SEQUENTIAL APPLICATIONS OF EACH TREATMENT, BEGINNING IN LATE FEBRUARY, ALONG BOTH SIDES OF PALMS AND ACROSS LOWER PORTIONS OF FRONDS.  RELY 280:  APPLIED THREE TIMES, APPROXIMATELY 28 DAYS APART, AT 82 OR 164 FL OZ/A (1.5 OR 3.0 LB AI/A). MODERATE (3 TO 4 OUT OF 10) INJURY OBSERVED ON LOWER FRONDS 28 DAYS AFTER APPLICATION 2 AND 3 (DAA-2 AND DAA-3) FROM BOTH RATES, BUT INJURY WAS NOT CONSIDERED TO BE AT A CONCERNING LEVEL BY RESEARCHER.  COMPARED TO THE UNTREATED, BOTH RATES REDUCED WEED COVERAGE AT A HIGH LEVEL AND WERE THE MOST EFFECTIVE TREATMENTS 30 DAA-2 AND 30 DAA-3.  EMBED EXTRA:  APPLIED TWICE, APPROXIMATELY 75 DAYS APART, AT 1 OR 2 PT/A (0.48 OR 0.95 LB AI/A).  LITTLE TO NO INJURY (1 OR 2 OUT OF 10) WAS OBSERVED ON OWER FRONDS FROM EITHER RATE OUT TO 30 DAA-2.  AFTER GOOD TO EXCELLENT INITIAL REDUCTION IN PERCENT WEED COVERAGE FROM BOTH RATES, PERCENT WEED COVERAGE WAS BETWEEN 43 AND 57% AT 28 DAA-2.   RINSKOR:  APPLIED THREE TIMES, APPROXIMATELY 28 DAYS APART, AT 21 OR 42 FL OZ/A (0.035 OR 0.07 LB AI/A). LITTLE TO NO INJURY (≤ 2.33 OUT OF 10) WAS OBSERVED ON LOWER FRONDS FROM EITHER RATE OUT TO 30 DAA-3.   AFTER GOOD TO INITIAL REDUCTION IN PERCENT WEED COVERAGE FROM BOTH RATES, PERCENT WEED COVERAGE WAS BETWEEN 28 AND 30% AT 28 DAA-3.  TREEVIX:  APPLIED THREE TIMES, APPROXIMATELY 28 DAYS APART, AT 1 OR 2 OZ/A.  MODERATE TO MAJOR (3 TO 6 OUT OF 10) INJURY OBSERVED ON LOWER FRONDS FROM BOTH RATES 28 DAA-2 AND 28 DAA-3, BUT INJURY WAS NOT CONSIDERED TO BE AT A CONCERNING LEVEL BY RESEARCHER.  GOOD TO EXCELLENT REDUCTION IN WEED COVERAGE FROM BOTH RATES 28 DAA-1.  AT 28 DAA-3, WEED COVERAGE RANGED FROM 17 TO 33%, FROM THE LOW AND HIGH RATES, RESPECTIVELY.  

Year 2 of 2 with treatments applied to the same plots both years.  Applications made along both sides of palms and across lower portions of fronds.  In year 2, two applications made of each treatment, 75 days apart, beginning in mid-March. Injury was observed in the nontreated plots throughout the season and was attributed to low nitrogen and high chloride levels.  Chateau EZ:  Applied at 12 or 24 fl oz/a (0.375 or 0.75 lb ai/a). Both rates cause slight to moderate crop injury through 90 days after the second application (DAA-2), but injury was not different from the untreated plots.  Both rates substantially and/or significantly reduced ground cover from weeds 90 DAA-1 and 90 DAA-2.  Prowl H2O:  Applied at 4 or 8 qt/a (3.8 or 7.6 lb ai/a). Both rates cause slight to moderate crop injury through 90 DAA-2, but injury was not different from the untreated plots.  Both rates significantly reduced ground cover from weeds at 15 and 30 DAA-1, but injury was not different from the untreated after those evaluations.  Matrix SG:  Applied at 4 or 8 oz/a (0.0653 or 0.125 lb ai/a). Crop injury from both rates was not different from the untreated through 90 DAA-2 but was substantially higher with the high rate at 90 DAA-1 and onwards.  These injury levels were the highest in the trial.  Both rates provided significant reduction in weed coverage 45 DAA-1 but otherwise was not different from the untreated.  Pindar GT:  Applied at 3 or 6 pt/a.  Both rates caused substantially and/or significantly lower crop injury at 90 DAA-1 and 90 DAA-2. Overall, crop injury levels from Pindar were the lowest in the trial.  Substantial and/or significant reductions in weed coverage were seen with both rates and were clearly better with the high rate.

Year 2 or 2 with treatments applied to the same plots both years.  Each treatment applied three times, beginning in mid-March, along both sides of palms and across lower fronds. Injury was observed in the nontreated plots throughout the season and was attributed to low nitrogen and high chloride levels. None of the herbicides were phytotoxic to the growing point of the palms and the observed damage on the older fronds was considered acceptable. Rely 280: Applied approximately 28 days apart at 82 or 164 fl oz/a (1.5 or 3.0 lb ai/a). Compared to the untreated, both rates substantially and/or significantly reduced weed converge through 28 days after the third application (28 DAA-3).  Embed Extra: Applied approximately 75 days apart at 1 or 2 pt/a (0.48 or 0.95 lb ai/a). Compared to the untreated, weed coverage was not reduced by either rate through 14 DAA-3.  AT 28 DAA-3, the high rate was significantly different from the untreated but still had 60% ground coverage from weeds.  Rinskor:  Applied approximately 28 days apart at 21 or 42 fl oz/a (0.035 or 0.07 lb ai/a).  Beginning at 28 DAA-1, both rated reduced weed coverage noticeably and/or significantly through 28 DAA-3, when compared to the untreated.  Treevix: Applied approximately 28 days apart at 1 or 2 oz/a (0.044 or 0.088 lb ai/a).  Weed coverage from both rates was noticeably reduced by both rates throughout the trial, but was never significantly different from the untreated.